Municipal Solid Waste-to-Energy-Facility to Advance Circular Economy: A Case Study in the City of Spokane, Washington

Abstract The development of technologies for processing residual solid mixed waste has only become a focus attention stimulated by the search more efficient energy sources. majority municipal (MSW) is biological origin (biogenic). Typically, half content in MSW from biogenic material. Consequently, this often considered renewable according to input, and as result, yields profit generated can be accounted circular economy. Waste-to-Energy (WtE) processes play role transition “circular economy” provided that country’s hierarchy used guiding principle choices made do encourage reward higher levels minimization, reuse, remanufacturing, refurbishing, recycling. In conclusion, both Waste Energy landfill biogas recovery systems are credited their respective recovered revenue generation while managing disposal using best management practices an environmentally sustainable manner.